Древность шахматных игр |
|
Легенда шатранджа "Мат Диларам"Большую известность получила арабская мансуба Х века, носящая поэтическое название «мат Диларам».
Классическая позиция мата Диларам показана на диаграмме.
Harold James Ruthven Murray (24 June 1868 – 16 May 1955), "A History of Chess" о мате Диларам.В книге H. J. R. Murray A History of Chess (1913) авторство мансубы приписывается ас-Сули. На странице 280 английский шахматный историк Гарольд Мюррей упоминает несколько арабских рукописей, написанных в 15-17 веках (в XV в., в 1501, в 1575, в 1571 и в 1612). "Именно в этих манускриптах мы встречаемся с первыми причудливыми сказаниями и задачами - легендами, из которых история Диларам (см. решение № 83 ниже) является наиболее известным примером." "1. Rh8+; The problem appears without any story in AH, C, H, AE and Man.(1) In S it is called mansuba al-jariya (the maiden's problem). In F it is called the problem of Dilaram chengi, and the following story is told, as from al-Lajlaj*. (*No importance can be attached to this use of al-Lajlaj's name, for he plays an entirely mythical part in this work). Dilaram was the favourite wife of a certain nobleman, who had given her this name because his heart knew no peace without her, the name Dilaram meaning 'heart's ease.' Once he was playing chess with a very strong player, and finally staked Dilaram on the game. The game went badly for him, and he found himself in such a position that his opponent appeared to have a certain mate on the next move. At this moment Dilaram cried out in distress 'Sacrifice your two Rooks, and not me.' Her lover saw the line of play that she meant, and won the game. With ever-increasing embellishment this story is given in all the later MSS., and reaches its most ornate form in Durgaprasada's Urdu work. Here the hero of the game is the Moghul Emperor Shah Jahan, and his four wives all advise him, but Dilaram alone sees how to save the game. This problem was one of the most popular of all the Muslim problems. It occurs in Ber. in its old-chess form, among problems with the modern moves. (H. J. R. Murray, A History of Chess, (Reprint of the classic Oxford Edition), Benjamin Press, Northampton, Massachusetts, ISBN 0-936317-01-9. Процитирован по сайту: http://www.goddesschess.com/chesstories/dilaram.html) |